Performance Enhancement of Face Recognition in Smart TV Using Symmetrical Fuzzy-Based Quality Assessment

With the rapid growth of smart TV, the necessity for recognizing a viewer has increased for various applications that deploy face recognition to provide intelligent services and high convenience to viewers. However, the viewers can have various postures, illumination, and expression variations on their faces while watching TV, and thereby, the performance of face recognition inevitably degrades. In order to handle these problems, video-based face recognition has been proposed, instead of a single image-based one. However, video-based processing of multiple images is prohibitive in smart TVs as the processing power is limited. Therefore, a quality measure-based (QM-based) image selection is required that considers both the processing speed and accuracy of face recognition. Therefore, we propose a performance enhancement method for face recognition through symmetrical fuzzy-based quality assessment. Our research is novel in the following three ways as compared to previous works. First, QMs are adaptively selected by comparing variance values obtained from candidate QMs within a video sequence, where the higher the variance value by a QM, the more meaningful is the QM in terms of a distinction between images. Therefore, we can adaptively select meaningful QMs that reflect the primary factors influencing the performance of face recognition. Second, a quality score of an image is calculated using a fuzzy method based on the inputs of the selected QMs, symmetrical membership functions, and rule table considering the characteristics of symmetry. A fuzzy-based combination method of image quality has the advantage of being less affected by the types of face databases because it does not perform an additional training procedure. Third, the accuracy of face recognition is enhanced by fusing the matching scores of the OPEN ACCESS Symmetry 2015, 7 1476 high-quality face images, which are selected based on the quality scores among successive face mages. Experimental results showed that the performance of face recognition using the proposed method was better than that of conventional methods in terms of accuracy.